PIR Motion Sensed Light

Introduction

Imagine a lighting system that turns ON only when you need it, saving energy while adding convenience to your daily life. In this project, we’ll build a motion-sensed lighting system using a Passive Infrared (PIR) Motion Sensor, a relay, and the Blink Board. The system will detect motion within the PIR sensor’s range and trigger a relay to power a light bulb.

To make the setup more user-friendly, we’ll include a 20×4 I2C LCD that displays real-time feedback such as “Motion Detected” or “No Motion.” This project is perfect for smart home enthusiasts and can be implemented in hallways, garages, or gardens to enhance automation and energy efficiency.

Whether you’re exploring this as a beginner-friendly learning exercise or planning to use it practically, this guide will walk you through the steps to build your own motion-sensed lighting system

Objectives

• Understand PIR Motion Sensors: Learn how PIR sensors detect motion by sensing changes in infrared radiation.
• Control Output Devices: Use the PIR sensor’s signal to trigger a relay for switching a high-power light bulb ON and OFF.
• Real-Time Feedback: Display motion detection status (“Motion Detected” or “No Motion”) on a 20×4 I2C LCD for better user interaction.
• Energy Efficiency and Automation: Automate lighting to ensure it remains ON only when necessary, reducing energy consumption in smart home environments.

Hardware Requirements

• Blink Board The main microcontroller that processes the PIR sensor’s input and controls the relay and LCD.
• PIR Motion Sensor Detects motion by sensing changes in infrared radiation within its range.
• 24V Power Supply Powers the Blink Board, relay, and other connected components.
• 24V Relay Module Used to switch the light bulb ON and OFF based on the signal from the Blink Board.
• Bulb A high-power bulb (e.g., 60W or 100W) connected to the relay to serve as the light source.
• 20×4 I2C LCD Displays the system status and motion detection updates.

How It Works

1. PIR Sensor Detection:
   • The PIR sensor detects motion by sensing changes in infrared radiation.
   • When motion is detected, it sends a HIGH signal to the Blink Board.
2. Relay Control:
   • Upon receiving a HIGH signal from the PIR sensor, the Blink Board activates the relay, switching the connected bulb ON.
   • When the PIR sensor sends a LOW signal (no motion), the Blink Board deactivates the relay, turning the bulb OFF.
3. LCD Feedback:
   • The 20×4 I2C LCD provides real-time updates on system status:
     • “Motion Detected” and “Light: ON” when motion is detected.
     • “No Motion” and “Light: OFF” when no motion is detected.

Circuit Diagram

CONNECTING 20by4 I2C LCD WITH BLINKBOARD

Let’s get to testing our project:

• Power on the Blink Board and connect it to your computer for debugging if needed.Place the PIR motion sensor in the desired location (e.g., hallway, garage, or garden).Observe the system’s behavior:
• When the PIR sensor is detected,the LCD should display “sensor active”.
• When motion is detected, the light bulb should turn ON, and the LCD should display “Motion Detected.”
• After no motion is detected for a few seconds, the light bulb should turn OFF, and the LCD should display “No Motion.”

This motion-sensed lighting system is an excellent project for exploring smart home automation and energy-saving concepts. By combining the PIR motion sensor, relay, and LCD with the Blink Board, you’ve built a practical, scalable system that simplifies everyday tasks while reducing electricity usage e.g by Integrating a light sensor to ensure the system only operates in low-light conditions